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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

l W. M. NOROROSS.

DIE FOR METALLIC ROOFING PLATES.

No. 369.024. Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

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(No Model.) 2 sheets sheet 2. W. M. NORGROSS.

DIE FOR METALLIC ROOFING PLATES. No. 369,024. PatentedAug. 30, 1887.

- INVENTOR %aaj MAW V I f a; 4, Mm I l N FET ERS, PholoLnncgnphor,Washington 0.0

WIT NESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM M. NOROROSS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB TO THEOORTRIGHT METAL ROOFING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

one FOR METALLIC ROOFING-PLATES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,024, dated August30, 1887. Application filed May 3, 1887. Serial No. 236,929. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. NoRoRoss, a citizen of the United States,residing at Phila- .delphia, county of Philadelphia, State of Pennandset, after they have been subjected to the initial stage of having theside or sides which are to hear them formed by any convenient methodinto Z-shaped folds of suitable widths. By means of my device I produce,at a single die-pressing operation, out of these initial 2 -shaped foldsa margin adapted to receive and interlock with the marrying edge oredges of similar metal roofing- .plates and to form therewith a tightjoint, this'margin consisting of what may be described as a slottedtubular socket composed of a portion of the plate bent under andcompacted with itself, the doubled edge thereof turning in a rim towardthe nailing-flange, while the free or short part of the above plication,after a sufficient interval, returns by a reverse half-turn in a singlethickness outward under this rim, beyond which it extends into and formsthe nailing-flange aforesaid. Subsidiary parallel folds may also, ifdesired, be used in conjunction with the'above-described socket, as byforming one upon the edge or other convenient part of the nailingflange,but, not being essential, will be passed here with the mere suggestion.

The objects of my inventionare, first,'to form such an interlockingmarginal socket upon a prepared metal roofing-plate at a singleoperation second, to form two or more 'such conduits at the same time ona single plate, whether they be on adjoining or opposite sides; third,to make the operation automatic; fourth, to form and bend the involutedrim constituting one side of the slotted socket at the same time andoperation, as that in and by which the sides and turns of the initial Z-shaped folds are also brought to their ultimate structural distribution;fifth, to give this marginal structure when formed on a metalroofing-plate such a set that the relation of its parts as a whole willremain constant to their established positions when released by theseparation of the press from the formative facesof the dies and theiraccessories, and,sixth, to construct and adapt to press-dies suchaccessories as are calculated to form and define the inner contour ofsuch a slotted socket.

Reference being now had to the accompanying drawings, which form a partof this specification, and in which similar letters of reference referto corresponding parts throughout the several figures, they will befound to illuspractice I have obtained the above objects with mostuseful results. Of these, Figure 1 is a plan view of the lower diesacting face. Fig. 2 is a like view of the acting face of the upper die.Fig. 3 is a vertical section of both upper and lower dies,taken onlineXX of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 3% is an enlarged sectional view of thebuffer-block and fillcted edge of the lower die, the forming-swage, andthe pushing-toes of the upper die, showing their positionwhen the upperand lower dies are close together. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of thedies, taken on line y y of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 5 is a plan or top viewof the dies and their accessories when assembled for use. Fig. 6 is aplan view of the lower side of one of the accessory formative swages, towhich is aptrate the mechanism and adjuncts by which in pended, bydotted lines, an end elevation of the same. Fig. 7 is an invertedtransverse section of a portion of a metal roofing-plate -provided withsuch an interlocking slotted socket and a nailing-flange In general,mydevice consists, when adapted to form these interlocking margins-uponadjoining sides of a prepared blank, of the following parts: Arectangular steel lower die, A, Fig. 1, provided upon two adjoiningextremities of its otherwise square plane formative surfaees,with tworidges or fillets, L L, which lie at right angles to each other and ontheir inner sides, I 5, rise vertically from said plane surface of lowerdie, A, their height therefrom being equal to the total thickness of thesocket Lon when folded, less the thickness of the plate of which it ismade. Said fillets L L, moreover, have convex slanting backs O 0,connecting their rounded summits 0 0 with the outside edges of the dieproper, which, if it extend farther than the line formed by theintersection of these surfaces, serves only to form an additional seat,M, Figs. 1, 3, and 4, for an accessory forming-swage, D, Fig. 6, ofwhich more will be said hereinafter. The remaining two sides of lowerdie, A, have stop-rims S S, formed by bolting to'them (boltss s, &c.,)thin strips of metal, so as to project slightly, as at s 8, Figs. 3 and4, beyond its formative face.

An upper or ram flatter die, B, Fig. 2, is provided on its formativeface with narrow rectangular slots 1) b, that lie, when the two dies arebrought together, in the guides of a power-press both within andparallel to the fillets L L, Figs. 1, 3, and 4. The distance that thenseparates their outer edges, 1) b and the inner edges, Z Z, of thefillets L L being equal to the major transverse axis of the socket thatthey are adapted to assist in forming, while their length depends uponand corresponds with that of the inner or back fold thereof. In theseslots 1) b sliding shutters l) I), having attached to their upper sidesat suitable intervals cylindrical disks 1) &c., are fitted. Theseshutters, when the dies are apart, are kept normally protruded from thefaces of the upper die, B, by the action of spiral springs, as shown att i of Figs. 3 and 4. These are maintained under compression byscrew-caps I I, &c., Fig. 5, screwed into the tapped ends a n, &c., ofcylindrical holes T T, &c., that are bored in line with the majorlongitudinal axis of the slots 1) b part way through the top of theupper die, B, and at right angles to its acting face. They are also ofsuch size and interval as to correspond and register with theabove-described disks 1) b, 850., for which the lower ends of theseholes, as shown in 1'1, &e., of Figs. 4 and 5, form seats.

Accessory forming-swagesD D, Figs. 3, 3%,5, and 6, are composed of fiatsteel plates, that are in plan view elongated rectangularparallelograms,but in transverse section wedge-shaped, with their thinsides rounded off into semieylindrical truncations of a diameter equalto the minor transverse axis of the socket that they are adapted toassist in forming, (shown in section in the convex semicircles d" d ofFigs. 3, 4, and 6,) the length of their wedge sides being equal to thelength of the flange they are adapted to form. These swages D D are alsoprovided on one side (which, when in use, is the under one) withagroove, 1, of Figs. 3 and 6, and d ofFig. 4, running parallel to theirsaid wedge sides, and of such a contour and depth as to constitute thefemale part of the fillets L L, with which they are adapted to register,save only that the mouths of these grooves are wider than the bases oftheir correspondin g fillets by a space approximately equal to twothicknesses of the roofing-plates that they are to assist in bending,and also saving that the edges formed by the intersection of the fiatsides of these grooves d d and the adjoining plane surfaces of swages DD in which they are formed are slightly chamferred or rounded off, thedistance between said fiat sides (1- d and the rounded ends d d beingequal to the major transverse axis of a finished socket.

Should it be desired to apply one of these swages by hand, I form it, asis best seen in Fig. 6, with extended lugs or ears 0 0 upon either endthereof, and to bring it into position I employ buffer-blocks G G, Figs.3, 31 and 5, securely fastened by bolts Q Q and dovetailed tenons q q,engaging with corresponding female parts at either end of the eX tendedside M of lower die, A. These blocks are provided on their uppersurfaces with parallel planes 9 g, inclining toward the face of thelower die and extending at their outer ends from it to a height aboveits general plane equal, or preferably more than equal, to the jointheight of the fillet L and that of the above-described initial folds ofa blank when placed thereon, as indicated at Z in the heavy black line Pof'Fig. 3. The other or inner ends of these incline planes 9 9 end intwo seats distant in a right line from the inner or fiat side, Z, of thefillet L by a space that is equal to the shortest distance in a rightline from the flat side d of the groove d to the back (1 of the swage Dplus at least twice the thickness of the metal which is to be folded,said seat being formed by the intersection at right angles ofnotehing-planes 9 g of Fig. 3, of which the terminal pair 9 9" lie inthe same general plane and form continuations of the auxiliary scat M,Fig. 5.

In conjunction with the above-described buffer-blocks, I secure by bolts6 c, &e., to the upper or top side of the upper die, B, andjust withinthem and at right angles to the underlying shutter-slot b, right-angleddownwardlypointing pushing-toes F F, provided on their lower extremitieswith planes f f, that lie in the same general plane and parallel to butprojecting below or beyond the plane of the formative face of the upperdie, B. They, moreover, terminate on their sides nearest to the die inright-angled notches so constructed and located as to form re-entrantangles of sufficient size to clear those portions of the swage D whichunderlie their ends when said swage is brought home to its seat, ashereinafter described. If, however, it is desired to make the mechanismentirely automatic, I securely fasten upon the anvil-bed of the powerpress (see Figs. 4 and 5) vertical pillars K K, and by screwing theirreduced lower ends, K K, into holes tapped therein at equal andconvenient distances from the side bearing the fillet L of the lowerdie, A, when in position on said anvil, the height of these pillarsbeing about equal to that of the summit of this fillet L when thusassembled in the press. These pillars I connect on a line with thegeneral plane face of the lower die, A, with a pivotshaft, K upon whichrock-shafts k are engaged and carried by means of elongated slots 70 70These rock-shafts are of equal lengths and extend part way toward theadjacent side of the lower die, A. They carry, rigidly secured-to wit,w'elded-to their inner or unslotted extremities, the accessory swage D,so that when assembled it lies inserted between the acting faces of bothdies A and B, with its wedge side d pointing between them and the sidecarrying the groove d turned toward the lower one, A. To the center ofthe back d of the swage D, I also at tach, as by the ring r, one end ofa spiral spring, R, the other or outer end of which is carried off atright angles to said side d and attached under moderate tension to somehigherand convenient fixed part-as to guide of the power-press. Inconjunction with this device I secure by bolts 6 e, &c., to the top orupper side of the upper die B, and just within and at right angles tothe axis of the underlying shutter-slot b, right-angleddownward-pointing pushing-toes E E, Figs. 4 and 5, provided on theirlowerinside parts with parallel planes 0 c,inclining outward anddownward from their beginning orintersection with the inner sides, 0c",of said. toes,which should likewise be parallel to and equidistantfrom the nearest side,b ofthe slot 1) in the upper die, B, and extendingbelow the general plane of said dies formative face to theabove-mentioned line of intersection with the incline planes 0 of for adistance at least equal to and preferably greater than the thickness 'ofthe back or butt end d of the swage D.

In order to put the above-described mechanism into operation,it is onlynecessary to assemble the several parts, as shown in Figs.3, 4, and 5,and to attach the dies in the usual way to the ram-head andanvil-sockets of a power-press. Then to insert over the seat M, facedown and between the separated dies, a blank metallic roofing-plate thatis provided on two adjoining sides with suitable Z-shaped folds, andotherwise being of prescribed gage and dimensions,placing it so that thestop-rim S of the lower die, A, guides one ofits unbent edges until theother is arrested by the stoprim of the opposite side, the exterior foldof one of the initial Z-shaped folds at the same time sliding along, andas it turns embracing the wedge side of the accessory swage D. The

blank then rests its sides, carrying these folds lying upon andprojecting slightly beyond the fillets L L. The swage D is next to beinserted I over the seat M between the outer fold of the remainingside,so that its back d rests upon the incline planes 9 g. The press isthen put into operation, and upon the separation of the dies theroofing-plateis withdrawn by means of the handle H. The swage D is,lastly, slid out from the convolutions of the margin it has assisted informing, which, like the adjoining one, will be found to be insection,fairly illustrated in Fig. 7, of which Pie theplate, rthe foldcompacted upon itself, 3 the involuted rim, a: the rounded back, 1; thefree side of the margin,and N the extension,which constitutes thenailing-flange.

Of course in an operation such as above described, in which twoadjoining sides are thus pressed, it is necessary that the corner of theplate should be cut away so as not to interfere with the bending of themargins; but as this is also a matter of necessity, even in thepreliminary stage of forming the initial Z-shaped folds, and is wellunderstood by sheet-metal workers, it is here passed as unnecessary tofurther describe. Moreover, while the preceding mechanism and mode ofoperation have been gone into in great detail as being the bestmechanism and way that I have devised of producing these results, stillall the parts therein described are neither essential nor necessary tocarry the main features of my invention into practical use.

Having now described my inventiomwhat I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As a device for fashioning the rim on the doubled edge of theabove-described metallic roofing plate socket, the hereinbeforedescribed wedge-sh aped former D, provided with alongitudinal groove, d,in combination with a pair of power-press dies, A and B, one of which isprovided with a fillet, L, the whole adapted to register and interact,substantially as hereinbefore described.

2. As a device for swaging the rim on the doubled edge of theabove-described metallic roofing plate socket, the hereinbeforedescribedWedge-shaped former D, provided with a longitudinal groove, (1, incombination with a pair of power-press dies, A and B, one of which isprovided with a fillet, L, and the other with a sliding shutter, If, thewhole adapted to register and interact, substantially as and for thepurposes hereinbefore described.

3. In the manufacture of metallic roofingplates, a pair of power-pressdies, A and B, one of which is provided on its acting face with filletsL L and guide-stops S S, the other being provided on its acting facewith sliding shutters b normally protruding from the slots I) b, whichlie, when the dies come together in use, parallel to but within saidfillets, in combination with cuneiform swages D D, provided,respectively, with longitudinal channels cl (1 and truncated wedge ends(i d, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.

4; As a device for fastening the abovede scribed metallic roofing-platesocket, a pair of power-press dies, A and B, provided with fillets L L,buifer-blocks G G, shutters Z) b and ushin -toes E E and F F incombinationp b 7 with accessory forming-swages D D, provided withlongitudinal channels at d, and beveled flanges terminating in roundededges d one of which formers, D, is further provided with extended lugsG O, the bail h, and handle H,

for application by hand, while the other is attached to a retractor,(spring R,) and rockshafts K K, pivotally connected by the slots K K,and the pivot-shaft k to the fixed pillars K K, and adapted to workautomatically by the interaction of the several parts, the whole beingsubstantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.

5. As a device for iiishioning the abovedescribed metallic roofing-platesockets, a pair of power-press dies of the desired polygonal acting faceprovided thereon with fillets L L, guides S S, banking abutments, (theshutters Zfbfi) pushing-toes E E F F, and bu fler-blocks G G, incombination with two or more acces sory forming-swages, D D, providedwith longitudinal channels (Z d and beveled flanges terminating inrounded edges (1 d, and one or more of which swagcs, D, being furtherprovided with a handle, H, and extended lugs C G, are adapted forapplication by hand, the remainder being attached to (spring) retractorsR and rock-shafts K K, pivotally connected by slots 764 k andpivot-shafts k" to adjacent fixed pivots, (pillars K K,) and adapted towork automatically, the whole being substantially as and for thepurposes hereinbefore described.

6. In the manufacture of metallic roofingplate sockets, a pairofpower-press dies, A and B, ofwhich one, B, is provided on its facewith a slot, 1), and holes T T, &e., in which a shutter, 1), providedwith disks b, &c., is normally protruded by springs i i, &c., compressednudcr screw-caps I I, &c., into seats t t, 850., while the other isprovided with a fillet, L, having a vertical side, Z, and a convex back,0, uniting in a rounded summit, 0, in combination with a cuneiformswage, D, provided with a groove, (1, and rounded truncation (1",adapted to register with said shutterb, and fillet L, substantially asand for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

XVILLIAM M. NOROROSS.

\Vitnesses:

Cimmins F. ZIEGLER, Josuna M ATLACK, Jr.

